Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is currently used as an alternative combined modality, which enables accurate detection and evaluation of solid and cystic abnormal lesions. It’s easily performed, with low cost and most effective as it decreases the number of unnecessary operational procedures; that take place to rule-out malignancy. The aim of this paper is to suggest the schedule of an effective protocol, easily approached by residents and physicians with minimal, or no experience on ultrasound interventional procedures. Our tutorial is based on more than 350 fine needle aspiration biopsies that were carried-out in our Institution during the last two years. It includes images and graphics of patients preparation, needle selection, sampling and aspiration technique. On-site cytologic preparation and brief references on possible complications and common pitfalls are also described.