The different diagnostic modalities (MIBI scan, ultrasound, CT, MNR) applied in the preoperative study of hyperparathyroidism, have given excellent sensitivity results, only slightly lower than those obtained by surgical exploration performed by experienced surgeons. Yet, their only limitation lies in a lower level of specificity. Other cervical tumours, such as thyroid nodules, lymphoadenopaties, vascular and muscolar lesions, can in fact be erroneously taken as hyperfunctioning parathyroids. The present paper shows a clinical experience of 27 patients affected by IPT (14 primary IPT, 10 secondary, 3 terziary) who underwent Color-Doppler Ultrasonography and US before surgical exploration. As a result, global sensitivity level reached 81.5%, specificity 100%. In IPT I and III, sensitivity reached 100% while in IPT II it was only 72.2%. In conclusion, Color-Doppler associated with conventional US increases the specificity rate of IPT pre-operative diagnosis.