Predictors of 1-year postoperative mortality in radical colon cancer surgery

Abstract

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of patient, tumor and surgery-related parameters on 1-year postoperative mortality in a cohort of patients operated in a single tertiary center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 605 patients diagnosed with colon cancer between January 2013 and December 2015 that underwent radical surgery in a tertiary center. Patient demographics, comorbidities, preoperative biological parameters alongside with tumor and surgery-related factors were prospectively recorded and then analyzed in relation 1-year postoperative mortality.

RESULTS: One-year mortality rate in the study group was 10.9%. Independent risk factors in relation to 1-year mortality were advanced TNM stage (OR 3.10, 1.10 – 8.75 95% CI ), emergency surgery (OR 1.91, 1.11 – 3.74 95% CI ), location of the tumor in the ascending colon (OR 2.17, 1.32 – 3.57 95% CI ), multiorgan resections (OR 2.07, 1.15 – 3.74 95% CI), age over 63 years (OR 2.05, 1.16 – 3.62 95% CI) and the history of alcohol consumption (OR 2.058, 1.17 – 3.61 95% CI ).

DISCUSSION: Postoperative complications are still being reported in colon cancer surgery, despite technological progress and constant research in the field. So far, factors that influence postoperative mortality have been mostly studied up to 30 days postoperatively. According to some recent papers, reporting 30-day mortality data can underestimate accurate communication of postoperative adverse events. Thus, 1-year mortality in colon cancer surgery could be a better indicator of the impact on surgery on postoperative period of this patients and factors that influence it should be well known.